Pharmacokinetic Variability (Cont'd)

c- Drug-drug interaction

Administration of multiple drugs can result in drug-drug interactions that can alter the absorption, distribution or elimination of one or more of the administered drugs.

Example :

Cimetidine can significantly inhibit theophylline metabolism leading to reduction of theophylline total body clearance.

This interaction can lead to significantly higher and toxic theophylline plasma concentrations.

Probenecid inhibits the renal elimination of ampicillin by inhibiting its active tubular secretion. This leads to prolonged ampicillin half life and lower ampicillin CLT.

This interaction is used therapeutically to achieve higher ampicillin conc.