- High pressure liquid chromatography
- Liquid chromatography/Mass spectroscopy
- Gas chromatography
- Radioimmunoassay
These methods are sensitive, specific, precise and require complex sample preparation procedures. The turn-over time is usually long.
These methods are usually used in research, but not in routine clinical sample analysis.
- Enzyme immunoassays
- Fluorescence polarization immunoassay
These methods are sensitive, specific, rapid and require simple sample preparation procedures. These methods are usually used in clinical settings for routine sample analysis.